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Pins mark self-reported register addresses, not verified locations. Numbers match the list.
Register read September 29, 2026
Denture specialists
The register’s denture tier for Greenville: prosthodontists (the specialty covering complete, partial and implant-supported dentures), denturists, and practices registered under the prosthodontic taxonomy. Each card links to the full register entry.
Prosthodontic practice
Carolinas Center For Dental Implants
280 Rocky Slope Rd, Greenville, SC 29607
Prosthodontist
Donald L Ridgell, DMD
321 Mills Ave, Greenville, SC 29605
Prosthodontist
James Paul Pizzo, DDS
321 Mills Ave, Greenville, SC 29605
Prosthodontic practice
John A Crumpton DMD PA
36 Roper Corners Circle, Greenville, SC 29615
Prosthodontist
John Anthony Crumpton, DMD
36 Roper Corners Circle, Greenville, SC 29615
Prosthodontist
Michael James Smith, DDS
41 Park Creek Dr, Greenville, SC 29605
Prosthodontist
Stephen Patrick Schoen, DDS
10 Enterprise Boulevard Suite 103, Greenville, SC 29615
Prosthodontic practice
Upstate Prosthodontics, L.L.C.
321 Mills Ave, Greenville, SC 29605
Implant surgeons
If you are weighing implant-supported dentures, these are the surgeons the register lists in Greenville — the specialty that places the implants. The denture on top is usually planned and fitted by a prosthodontist or general dentist.
Ashley Cannon Tankersley, DMD
280 Rocky Slope Rd, Greenville, SC 29607
Bart David Williams, MD, DMD
39 Brendan Way, Greenville, SC 29615
Brian Russell Cherry, DMD
101 Halton Rd Ste A, Greenville, SC 29607
Danielle Gladneice Gill, DMD
515 Worley Rd, Greenville, SC 29609
Jack Haynes Hancock, DMD
10 Enterprise Blvd Suite 209, Greenville, SC 29615
James B Tankersley, DMD
4103 E North St, Greenville, SC 29615
James C Wilson, DMD
3929 S Highway 14, Greenville, SC 29615
James Lee Moore, DMD
3929 S Highway 14, Greenville, SC 29615
Jeffrey James Simmons, DMDMD
487 Woodruff Rd, Greenville, SC 29607
Jill Emily Gibson, DDS
3929 S Highway 14, Greenville, SC 29615
Ryland Tyrone Traynham, DDS
2 Pointe Cir, Greenville, SC 29615
Oral & maxillofacial surgeons the NPI register lists in this city, alphabetically, as read September 29, 2026. Surgeons place implants; dentures and their fit are the prosthodontist’s side.
All registered practices
Every dental organization the NPI register lists at a Greenville address — most denture care happens in general practices, but the register cannot say which of them offer it, so this table makes no such claim. Call and ask.
| Registered organization | Register address | Phone | NPI |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3Sf, LLC | 5 Angelo Ct, Greenville, SC 29607 | (770) 569-3844 | 1912816927 |
| Adult Upstate Dental Care, LLC | 5C Cleveland Street, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 271-1220 | 1134250178 |
| Affordable Dentures - Greenville, P. C. | 3903 Augusta Rd, Greenville, SC 29605 | (864) 299-6700 | 1174861694 |
| Andrews Endodontics | 155A Halton Village Cir, Greenville, SC 29607 | (803) 609-0551 | 1699502187 |
| Arundel Road Family Dentistry | 1140 N Pleasantburg Dr, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 268-5611 | 1518271402 |
| Ashby Park Family Orthodontics | 305 Ashby Park Lane, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 787-2222 | 1346677275 |
| Augusta Street Dental Associates, P.A. | 813 Augusta Street, Greenville, SC 29605 | (864) 232-8393 | 1922301639 |
| Bella Vista Dental, LLC | 2498 N Pleasantburg Dr Suite C, Greenville, SC 29609 | (864) 386-2753 | 1659763167 |
| Berea Comprehensive Dentistry | 1906 Cedar Lane Rd, Greenville, SC 29617 | (864) 246-1811 | 1720127442 |
| Berea Comprehensive Dentistry | 701 Sulphur Springs Rd, Greenville, SC 29617 | (864) 246-2181 | 1972650042 |
| Berea Dental Care LLC | 1906 Cedar Lane Rd, Greenville, SC 29617 | (864) 235-3949 | 1194026310 |
| Bright Smile Center Cleveland Court | 5C Cleveland Ct, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 271-1220 | 1750660304 |
| Carol Cline Stilwell DMD PA | 2407 Augusta St, Greenville, SC 29605 | (864) 235-7152 | 1780851212 |
| Carolina Dental Alliance Of Greenville | 5C Cleveland Ct, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 271-1220 | 1295370922 |
| Carolina Dental Group | 132 Milestone Way, Greenville, SC 29615 | (864) 288-6404 | 1952570103 |
| Carolina Family Orthodontics Of Furman, LLC | 5000 Old Buncombe Rd Ste 50, Greenville, SC 29617 | (864) 722-2922 | 1942650585 |
| Carolina Family Orthodontics Of Greenridge, LLC | 15 Garlington Rd Ste 200, Greenville, SC 29615 | (864) 722-2922 | 1013367499 |
| Carolina Oaks Dental Care, LLC | 102 Edinburgh Ct, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 235-3949 | 1477608289 |
| Carolina Oaks Orthodontics, LLC | 200 S Pleasantburg Dr, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 235-3949 | 1497397574 |
| Carolina Periodontics & Dental Implants | 112 W Broad St Unit 405, Greenville, SC 29601 | (480) 289-0507 | 1649725102 |
| Carolina Urgent Dental Care | 1007 Grove Road Suite D, Greenville, SC 29605 | (864) 232-8100 | 1609805282 |
| Chapman Dental, P.A. | 1007 Grove Road Suite D, Greenville, SC 29605 | (864) 621-2656 | 1154767952 |
| Charles E. Cauble, D.M.D., P.A. | 611 Haywood Rd, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 297-6453 | 1124246186 |
| Cherrydale Dental Associates, LLC | 105 State Park Rd, Greenville, SC 29609 | (864) 271-1156 | 1881992840 |
| Christopher S. Noel, DMD, PA | 2092-A Woodruff Rd, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 458-9311 | 1295957363 |
| Classic Dental Group | 6A Cleveland Ct, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 283-0141 | 1902458474 |
| Conestee Family Dental | 409 Donaldson Rd, Greenville, SC 29605 | (864) 277-1603 | 1083125264 |
| Constantine Dental PA | 1 W Prentiss Ave, Greenville, SC 29605 | (864) 607-8848 | 1861886038 |
| Crawford Family & Cosmetic Dentistry | 1131 Rutherford Rd, Greenville, SC 29609 | (864) 271-9062 | 1619191764 |
| Crowns Now Family Dentistry | 4 Cleveland Ct. B, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 232-9545 | 1265640601 |
| David F. Watson Jr. DMD PA | 54 Pointe Cir # B, Greenville, SC 29615 | (864) 233-0075 | 1205041530 |
| Dennis General And Cosmetic Dentistry, LLC | 905 E Washington St, Greenville, SC 29601 | (864) 232-0440 | 1326204488 |
| Dental Innovations LLC | 105 Halton Village Cir Ste B, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 640-8987 | 1790192870 |
| Dental Professionals Of South Carolina, P.C. | 303 Ashby Park Ln, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 987-5578 | 1013302785 |
| Dental Professionals Of South Carolina, P.C. | 1173 Ashmore Bridge Rd, Greenville, SC 29605 | (864) 412-1650 | 1750269569 |
| Dentalworks Of Greenville Sc, P.C. | 4 Market Point Drive Suite E, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 284-0066 | 1992037824 |
| Dentist In Greenville LLC | 4 Market Point Dr Ste E, Greenville, SC 29607 | (803) 830-6881 | 1487405163 |
| Dentistry At Pelham Pointe | 70 Pointe Cir, Greenville, SC 29615 | (864) 271-6705 | 1336556869 |
| Dentistry For Children Of South Carolina PC | 305 Ashby Park Ln, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 234-3425 | 1740788611 |
| Dentnow Corporation Greenville | 1639 Woodruff Rd, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 232-8100 | 1508113234 |
| Dnf | 110 Villa Rd, Greenville, SC 29615 | (864) 282-1925 | 1154531762 |
| Downtown Dental, LLC | 400 E Mcbee Ave Suite 108, Greenville, SC 29601 | (864) 438-2646 | 1972877710 |
| Dr Roy E Strickland Jr | 70 Pointe Circle, Greenville, SC 29615 | (864) 271-6705 | 1003919085 |
| Drs Farrell Farrell Nale Cook Kapitan Mohamed Franco Wessel Howell & K | 280 Rocky Slope Rd Ste B, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 751-9972 | 1215875000 |
| Drs. Alpert, Hill, And Caputo PA | 40 Pointe Cir, Greenville, SC 29615 | (864) 233-4166 | 1538220082 |
| Drs. Harvey And Baur, P.A. | 58 Pointe Cir, Greenville, SC 29615 | (864) 232-1203 | 1215041868 |
| Falls Park Dentistry | 104 N Main St, Greenville, SC 29601 | (864) 243-8371 | 1790950202 |
| Family Dental Center, LLC | 6134 White Horse Rd Ste. C, Greenville, SC 29611 | (312) 274-0308 | 1134409345 |
| Family Dental Health Group LLC | 1803 Woodruff Rd, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 297-5268 | 1811721061 |
| Family Dental Health Of Cleveland Street, LLC | 1352 Cleveland St Ste A, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 371-6032 | 1619325107 |
| Family Dental Health Of Creekside LLC | 12 Cleveland Ct, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 242-0496 | 1790422137 |
| Family Dental Health Of Donaldson LLC | 409 Donaldson Rd, Greenville, SC 29605 | (864) 277-1603 | 1255907184 |
| Family Dental Health Of Furman LLC | 5000 Old Buncombe Rd Suite 50, Greenville, SC 29617 | (864) 517-3636 | 1083983118 |
| Family Dental Health Of Greenridge, LLC | 15 Garlington Rd Suite 300, Greenville, SC 29615 | (864) 517-1110 | 1114381712 |
| Family Dental Health Of Halton Road, LLC | 155 Halton Village Cir Ste A, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 289-9752 | 1114497963 |
| Family Dental Health Of Pelham LLC | 10 Pelham Rd, Greenville, SC 29615 | (864) 232-9452 | 1275859969 |
| Family Dental Health Of Villa Road, LLC | 110 Villa Rd, Greenville, SC 29615 | (864) 282-1925 | 1922312115 |
| Faris Dental, PA | 870 Cleveland St Suite 2C, Greenville, SC 29601 | (864) 282-8555 | 1427268648 |
| Flat Rock Family Dentistry, P.A. | 1803 Woodruff Rd, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 297-5268 | 1114101557 |
| Fletcher Family Dentistry, P.C. | 534 Sulphur Springs Rd, Greenville, SC 29617 | (864) 246-6115 | 1285059097 |
| Footbridge Family Dentistry, PA | 16 Mills Ave Ste 5, Greenville, SC 29605 | (864) 232-5289 | 1932483336 |
| Foster Orthodontics | 105 State Park Rd, Greenville, SC 29609 | (864) 271-1156 | 1164830808 |
| Gamble Dentalsmart PC | 824 Woods Crossing Rd, Greenville, SC 29607 | (843) 735-6727 | 1649631615 |
| Gentle Dental Care Of Greenville | 2400 N Pleasantburg Dr Suite E, Greenville, SC 29609 | (864) 235-4848 | 1043361512 |
| Gilbert Dental Group LLC | 870 Cleveland St Ste 1C, Greenville, SC 29601 | (864) 298-0229 | 1245505627 |
| Godel & Associates Sc | 611 Haywood Rd, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 297-5155 | 1497543219 |
| Greenville Aph, LLC | 5C Cleveland Ct, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 271-1220 | 1144696212 |
| Greenville Avenue Dentistry, PC | 3116 N Pleasantburg Dr Ste 400, Greenville, SC 29609 | (864) 565-7132 | 1033849997 |
| Greenville Dental Sleep Medicine, LLC | 1352 Cleveland St A, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 371-6032 | 1144772500 |
| Greenville Family Smiles, LLC | 6 Parkins Mill Rd, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 651-0696 | 1548637713 |
| Greenville Ortho LLC | 105 State Park Rd, Greenville, SC 29609 | (864) 586-1202 | 1093632481 |
| Greenville Smiles P.A. | 140 Mall Connector Rd Suite 6A, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 244-7135 | 1144300708 |
| Greenville Youth Dentistry, LLC | 225 S Pleasantburg Dr Suite E10, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 233-7737 | 1477595759 |
| Hall & Hill Family Dentistry,LLC | 813 Augusta St, Greenville, SC 29605 | (864) 232-8393 | 1811146251 |
| Halton Road Family Dentistry, PA | 155A Halton Rd, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 289-9752 | 1760711394 |
| Hamby Orthodontics | 870 Cleveland St Suite 1B, Greenville, SC 29601 | (864) 235-4840 | 1003998469 |
| Henry M. Faris III, DMD PA | 870 Cleveland St Suite 2C, Greenville, SC 29601 | (864) 282-8555 | 1982774691 |
| Hnbrmh LLC | 119 W Antrim Dr, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 242-2848 | 1720482292 |
| Holliday Dental, PA | 119 W Antrim Dr, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 233-8639 | 1902087984 |
| Hoskins Family And Cosmetic Dentistry, PA | 429 Roper Mountain Road Building 300, Greenville, SC 29615 | (864) 458-3005 | 1639203789 |
| Hp Family Dentistry, P.A. | 365 Halton Rd, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 906-0835 | 1881019412 |
| Huggins Dental LLC | 407 Duncan Chapel Rd Ste B, Greenville, SC 29617 | (803) 682-3898 | 1053945964 |
| John L. Glymph, Jr., D.M.D., P.A. | 6A Cleveland Court, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 271-3713 | 1114182268 |
| John R White DDS And Christopher N Siachos DMD PA | 1352 Cleveland St Ste A, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 271-4006 | 1598907305 |
| Josh C Ray DMD PA | 2131 Woodruff Rd, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 804-9864 | 1083153118 |
| Katie Pizzo Orthodontics | 1251 Laurens Rd, Greenville, SC 29607 | (716) 338-6722 | 1528898376 |
| Kool Smiles P.C. | 3227 W Blue Ridge Dr, Greenville, SC 29611 | (510) 290-4744 | 1235203886 |
| Kool Smiles Sc-2, PC | 3 K Mart Plz, Greenville, SC 29605 | (770) 916-5028 | 1386951796 |
| Kool Smiles, PC | 3203 W Blue Ridge Dr, Greenville, SC 29611 | (800) 920-9947 | 1871682328 |
| Leor Lindner, D.M.D., LLC | 40 Pointe Cir, Greenville, SC 29615 | (864) 233-4166 | 1033639604 |
| Mejia & Penaloza LLC | 1140 N Pleasantburg Dr Ste D, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 252-8296 | 1285992289 |
| Michael G Medcalf DMD PA | 54 A Pointe Circle, Greenville, SC 29615 | (864) 235-0175 | 1023125846 |
| Mirror Lake Family Dentistry PA | 54A Pointe Cir, Greenville, SC 29615 | (864) 235-0175 | 1366861437 |
| Norman B. Fine, D.M.D., P.C. | 517 W Butler Rd, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 299-5900 | 1932451341 |
| Orthodontic Associates Of Greenville, P.A. | 10 Cleveland Ct, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 242-9411 | 1073619979 |
| Orthodontic Specialists Of Carolina, PC | 611 Haywood Road, Greenville, SC 29607 | (803) 699-9191 | 1952865289 |
| Palmetto Family Dentistry, PA | 870 Cleveland St Suite 1-A, Greenville, SC 29601 | (864) 233-0427 | 1407066533 |
| Palmetto Family Orthodontics LLC | 105 Halton Village Cir Suite B, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 335-0505 | 1912196684 |
| Palmetto Orthodontics, PA | 2076B Woodruff Rd, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 234-7357 | 1609988005 |
| Palmetto Periodontics Of Greenville PA | 1130 E Butler Rd, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 987-9700 | 1124332465 |
| Palmetto Periodontics PA | 1130 E Butler Rd, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 987-9700 | 1316084197 |
| Palms Dentistry 226 LLC | 25 Innovation Dr # 100, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 962-3508 | 1952937369 |
| Parke J Ladd LLC | 301 Mills Ave # 102, Greenville, SC 29605 | (864) 233-1533 | 1215693999 |
| Pelham Oaks Dental | 1412 Pelham Rd, Greenville, SC 29615 | (864) 234-7023 | 1811046709 |
| Periodontics Of Greenville | 1 Charis Dr, Greenville, SC 29615 | (864) 271-4330 | 1306929344 |
| Periodontics Of Greenville | 1130 E Butler Rd, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 987-9700 | 1588105829 |
| Piedmont Dental Center - Greenville, P.C. | 3903 Augusta Rd, Greenville, SC 29605 | (864) 299-6700 | 1023270436 |
| Pleasantburg Drive Dental Health Center, P.C. | 225 S Pleasantburg Dr Ste E10, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 233-7737 | 1013316231 |
| Powdersville Smiles Dentistry, PC | 3639 Highway 153, Greenville, SC 29611 | (864) 642-0533 | 1730734849 |
| Progrin Dental Of Five Forks, LLC | 2098 Woodruff Rd, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 254-6414 | 1801385554 |
| Ravenel Endodontics | 1130 E Butler Rd, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 987-7030 | 1992842868 |
| Ravenel Periodontics, PA | 1130 E Butler Rd, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 626-4777 | 1013569771 |
| Restrepo Consulting LLC | 311 Old Grove Rd, Greenville, SC 29605 | (864) 292-2663 | 1932050986 |
| Riccobene & Associates Ccc, DDS, PC | 25 Innovation Dr, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 210-9075 | 1336025097 |
| Rocky Creek Dental Care | 1322 E Washington St Ste. D1, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 235-1200 | 1063552206 |
| Rourk B. Freeman, DMD,PA | 736 Saluda Lake Rd, Greenville, SC 29611 | (864) 246-8347 | 1144355108 |
| Sandman Sleep Solutions | 134 Milestone Way, Greenville, SC 29615 | (864) 879-6494 | 1942799291 |
| Satava Family Dentistry LLC | 1152A Haywood Rd, Greenville, SC 29615 | (864) 400-9830 | 1770409542 |
| Sc Smiles, LLC | 1118 Woodruff Rd Ste C, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 252-3930 | 1073942595 |
| Sea Glass Periodontics Of Greenville | 600 Congaree Rd, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 757-8820 | 1568084408 |
| Signature Smiles, LLC | 6B Cleveland Ct, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 271-6213 | 1659655892 |
| South Carolina Dental Sleep Center, LLC | 15 Garlington Rd Ste 200, Greenville, SC 29615 | (864) 207-7141 | 1255882908 |
| Southeastern Dental Associates PA | 4 Halton Green Way, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 283-2838 | 1396798567 |
| Southern Oak Dental, LLC | 101 Verdae Blvd Ste 201, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 587-7155 | 1811459159 |
| Spark Dental Sc LLC | 415 Farrs Bridge Rd, Greenville, SC 29617 | (864) 232-6800 | 1780506881 |
| Spark Orthodontics Sc LLC | 415 Farrs Bridge Rd, Greenville, SC 29617 | (864) 232-3333 | 1942113808 |
| Sprogis & Sprogis DDS PA | 6B Cleveland Ct, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 271-6213 | 1588656656 |
| Star Bright Onsite, LLC | 6709 White Horse Rd, Greenville, SC 29611 | (864) 246-0260 | 1578105482 |
| The Bright Smile Center, Berea, PA | 103 Commons Way, Greenville, SC 29611 | (864) 295-0441 | 1952684300 |
| The Dentist Office At Berea LLC | 6701 White Horse Rd, Greenville, SC 29611 | (864) 246-8347 | 1174251557 |
| The Oaks Dental Group | 701 Sulphur Springs Rd, Greenville, SC 29617 | (864) 246-2181 | 1710008099 |
| Todays Dental At Greenville LLC | 1530 Poinsett Hwy, Greenville, SC 29609 | (846) 999-9899 | 1043836091 |
| Tollison Ortho LLC | 20A Creekview Ct, Greenville, SC 29615 | (864) 329-1971 | 1942039201 |
| Tooth Zone - Zona Dientes | 103 Commons Way, Greenville, SC 29611 | (864) 295-3086 | 1013220391 |
| Vcare Dental LLC | 1530 Poinsett Hwy, Greenville, SC 29609 | (203) 215-4687 | 1114422557 |
| West End Dental, PA | 655 S Main St, Greenville, SC 29601 | (864) 546-6500 | 1861754137 |
| William R Stuart DMD PA | 2131 Woodruff Road, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 288-8388 | 1922268184 |
| William W Brown, Jr. DDS PA | 1220 N Pleasantburg Drive, Greenville, SC 39607 | (864) 322-5051 | 1962917336 |
| Woodruff Smiles Dentistry, PC | 1106 Woodruff Rd Ste A, Greenville, SC 29607 | (864) 742-0620 | 1295386597 |
Common questions in Greenville
How is this Greenville list put together?
It is the federal NPI register (NPPES), read on September 29, 2026, filtered to providers whose register address is in Greenville — nothing more. Listings are alphabetical, no one can pay to be added, removed or reordered, and there are no ratings or reviews because we have not called or visited these practices.
What is a prosthodontist, and do I need one for dentures?
A prosthodontist is a dentist with years of further specialty training in replacing teeth — the recognized specialty behind complete, partial and implant-supported dentures. You do not need one: most denture care happens in general practices. The specialist tier simply shows where the register says that training is.
Does Medicaid cover dentures in South Carolina?
Limited — South Carolina Medicaid's general adult benefit, capped at $1,000 a year, does not include removable prosthodontics, so dentures are not covered for typical adults; the coverage table has the exceptions. The state-by-state coverage table has South Carolina’s row with the program’s own wording and source.
Are the providers listed here licensed?
An NPI record is not proof of an active license — CMS says so itself. Every profile shows the license number the register carries and links the South Carolina license lookup, where you can verify it in about a minute. The How this list works section below has the other caveats.
How this list works
Everything on this page comes from one source: the federal NPI register (NPPES), read on September 29, 2026. It lists every provider in Greenville whose register address matches, alphabetically. No one can pay to be added, removed or reordered, and there are no ratings or reviews here — we have not called or visited these practices.
Three caveats the register itself requires: an NPI number is not proof of an active license (verify one at the South Carolina license lookup), addresses are self-reported and can be stale, and a listing says nothing about quality. If you are listed here and something is wrong, tell us and we will correct or remove the entry against the register.
Before you call anyone
How much dentures cost
Every published chain price, per arch, with dates and sources.
Medicaid, state by state
Every program’s rule in its own words, each row sourced and dated.
Save money on dentures
The six real routes: entry tiers, dental schools, sliding-fee clinics, coverage and donated care.